Constraints in household relocation: Modeling land-use/transport interactions that respect time and monetary budgets
Rolf Moeckel
Department of Civil, Geo and Environmental Engineering, Technical University Munich
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2015.810
Keywords: Land-use/transport interactions, housing and transportation budget, microsimulation, logit model
Abstract
Traditionally, integrated land-use/transportation models intend to represent all opportunities of travel and household location, maximize utilities and find an equilibrium in which no person or household could improve their satisfaction any further. Energy scarcity, higher transportation costs, and an increasing share of low-income households, on the other hand, demand special attention to represent constraints that households face, rather than opportunities for utility maximization. The integrated land-use model SILO explicitly represents various constraints, including the price of a dwelling, the travel time to work, and the monetary transportation budget. SILO ensures that no household makes choices that violate these constraints. Implementing such constraints helps SILO to generate more realistic results under scenarios that put current conditions under a stress test, such as a serious increase in transportation costs or severely increased congestion.Author Biography
Rolf Moeckel, Department of Civil, Geo and Environmental Engineering, Technical University Munich
Rolf Moeckel is a Rudolf Mößbauer Assistant Professor for Modeling Spatial Mobility at the Technical University Munich in Germany. He received his doctorate in planning from the Technical University of Dortmund. His main interest is to understand how computer modeling may support urban and regional planning. Research for this paper was conducted while he worked as a Faculty Research Associate at the Center for Smart Growth at the University of Maryland.References
Abraham, J. E., and J. D. HUNT. 1999. Firm location in the MEPLAN model of Sacramento. Transportation Research Record 1685: 187–198.
Alonso, W. 1964. Location and Land Use. Towards a General Theory of Land Rent. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Anas, A. 1982. Residential Location Markets and Urban Transportation. Economic Theory, Econometrics, and Policy Analysis with Discrete Choice Models. New York: Academic Press.
Arentze, T., and H. Timmermans. 2000. ALBATROSS—A Learning Based Transportation Oriented Simulation System. Eindhoven, the Netherlands: European Institute of Retailing and Services Studies.
Batty, M. 1976. Urban Modeling. Algorithms, Calibrations, Predictions. London: Cambridge University Press.
Clarke, M., and E. Holm. 1987. Microsimulation methods in spatial analysis and planning. Geografiska Annaler. Series B. Human Geography 69 B: 145–164.
Conder, S., and K. Lawton. 2002. Alternative futures for integrated transportation and land-use models contrasted with trend-delphi models. Transportation Research Record 1805: 99–107.
Cyganski, R., E. Fradedrich, and B. Lenz. 2015. Travel-time valuation for automated driving: A use-case-driven study. Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board. January 11–15, Washington, DC.
de la Barra, T. 1989. Integrated Land Use And Transport Modeling. Decision Chains and Hierarchies/ Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
de la Barra, T., B. Pérez, and N. Vera. 1984. TRANUS-J: Putting large models into small computers. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 11: 87–101.
de la Barra, T., and P. A. Rickaby. 1982. Modeling regional energy-use: A land-use, transport, and energy-evaluation model. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 9: 429–443.
Domencich, T. A., and D. McFadden. 1975. Urban Travel Demand. A Behavioral Analysis. Amsterdam: Oxford, North-Holland Publishing.
Echenique, M. H., D. Crowther, and W. Lindsay. 1969. A spatial model of urban stock and activity. Regional Studies 3: 281–312.
Echenique, M. H., A. D. J. Flowerdew, J. D. Hunt, T. R. Mayo, I. J., Skidmore. and D. C. Simmonds. 1990. The MEPLAN models of Bilbao, Leeds and Dortmund. Transport Reviews 10: 309–322.
Ettema, D., K. de Jong, H. Timmermans, and A. Bakema. 2004. PUMA (predicting urbanization with multi-agents): A multi-agent approach to modeling urban development and processes. Integrated assessment of the land system: The future of land use, October 28–30, 2004 Amsterdam.
Forrester, J. W. 1969. Urban Dynamics. Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press.
Goldner, W., S. R. Rosenthal, and J. R. Meredith. 1972. Theory and Application: Projective Land Use Model. Berkeley, CA: Institute of Transportation and Traffic Engineering.
Gregor, B. 2006. The land use scenario Developer (LUSDR): A practical land-use model using a stochastic microsimulation framework. 86th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, January 21–25, Washington, DC.
Harris, B. J., and A. G. Wilson. 1978. Equilibrium values and dynamics of attractiveness terms in production-constrained spatial-interaction models. Environment and Planning A 10: 371–388.
Herbert, J. D., and B. H. Stevens. 1960. A model for the distribution of residential activity in urban areas. Journal of Regional Science 2: 21–36.
Hunt, J. D., and J. E. Abraham. 2003. Design and application of the PECAS land-use modeling system. 8th International Conference on Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management. Dates, Sendai, Japan.
Hunt, J. D., and J. E. Abraham. 2009. PECAS—for Spatial Economic Modeling. Calgary, Alberta: HBA Specto Incorporated.
Hunt, J. D., D. S. Kriger, and E. J. Miller. 2005. Current operational urban land-use/transport modelling frameworks: A review. Transport Reviews 25: 329–376.
Kain, J. F. 1987. Computer simulation models of urban location. In Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics. Volume II: Urban Economics, edited by E. S. Mills. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
Kanaroglou, P. S., and D. M. Scott. 2002. Integrated urban transportation and land-use models for policy analysis. In Governing Cities on the Move. Functional and Management Perspectives on Transformations of European Urban Infrastructures, edited by M. Dijst, W. Schenkel, and I. Thomas. Hamshire England: Ashgate.
Landis, J., and M. Zhang. 1998a. The second generation of the California urban futures model. Part 1: Model logic and theory. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 25: 657–666.
Landis, J., and M. Zhang. 1998b. The second generation of the California urban futures model. Part 2: Specification and calibration results of the land-use change submodel. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 25: 795–824.
Litman, T. 2013. Changing North American vehicle-travel price sensitivities: Implications for transport and energy policy. Transport Policy 28: 2–10.
Lowry, I. S. 1964. A Model of Metropolis. Memorandum RM-4035-RC. Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corporation.
Lowry, I. S. 1966. Migration and Metropolitan Growth: Two Analytical Models. San Francisco: Chandler.
Martínez, F. J. 1992. The bid-choice land-use model: An integrated economic framework. Environment and Planning A 24: 871–885.
Martínez, F. J. 1996. MUSSA: Land use model for Santiago City. Transportation Research Record 1552: 126–134.
Martínez, F. J. 2002. Towards a land-use and transport interaction framework. In Handbook of Transport Modeling, second edition, edited by D. A. Hensher, and K. J. Button. Amsterdam: Pergamon.
McFadden, D. 1978. Modeling the choice of residential location. In Spatial Interaction Theory and Planning Models, edited by A. Karkqvist, L. Lundqvist, F. Snickars, and J. W. Weibull. Amsterdam, New York, Oxford: North-Holland Publishing Company.
Miller, E. J., J. D. Hunt, J. E. Abraham, and P. A. Salvini. 2004. Microsimulating urban systems. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 28: 9–44.
Miller, E. J., and P. A. Salvini. 2001. The integrated land use, transportation, environment (ILUTE) microsimulation modeling system: Description and current status. In Travel Behavior Research. The Leading Edge, edited by D. A. Hensher. Amsterdam: Pergamon.
Mishra, S., X. Ye, F. Ducca, and G. J. Knaap. 2011. A functional integrated land-use/transportation model for analyzing transportation impacts in the Maryland-Washington, DC region. Sustainability: Science, Practice, and Policy 7: 60–69.
Orcutt, G. H., M. Greenberger, J. Korbel, and A. M. Rivlan. 1961. Microanalysis of Socioeconomic Systems: A Simulation Study. New York: Harper and Brothers.
Putman, S. H. 1983. Integrated Urban Models. Policy Analysis of Transportation and Land Use. London: Pion.
Putman, S. H. 1991. Integrated Urban Models 2. New Research and Applications of Optimization And Dynamics. London: Pion.
Reynolds, M. M., and J. R. Meredith. 1972. Computer Systems Guide: Projective Land Use Model. Berkeley, CA: Institute of Transportation and Traffic Engineering.
Rosenthal, S. R., J. R. Meredith, and W. Goldner. 1972. Plan making with a computer model: Projective land-use model. Berkeley, CA: Institute of Transportation and Traffic Engineering.
Salvini, P. A., and E. J. Miller. 2003. ILUTE: An operational prototype of a comprehensive microsimulation model of urban systems. 10th International Conference on Travel Behaviour Research, August 10–15, Lucerne.
Simmonds, D. C., and O. Feldman. 2007. Advances in integrated urban/regional land-use/transport modeling using the DELTA package. World Conference on Transport Research. June 24–28, Berkeley, CA.
Strauch, D., R. Moeckel, M. Wegener, J. Gräfe, H. Mühlhans, G. Rindsfüser, and K. J. Beckmann. 2005. Linking transport and land-use planning: The Microscopic dynamic simulation model ILUMASS. In GeoDynamics, edited by P. M. Atkinson, G. M. Foody, S. E. Darby, and F. Wu. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Timmermans, H. 2003. The saga of integrated land use-transport modeling: How many more dreams before we wake up? Moving through nets: The physical and social dimensions of travel. 10th International Conference on Travel Behavior Research, August 10–15, Lucerne, Switzerland.
US Environmental Protection Agency. 2000. Projecting Land-Use Change. A Summary of Models for Assessing the Effects of Community Growth and Change on Land-Use Patterns. Cincinnati, OH: Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development.
Van Wissen, L. J., T. F. Golob, and H. J. Meurs. 1991. A Simultaneous Dynamic Travel And Activities Time Allocation Model. Berkeley, CA: University of California Transportation Center: Faculty Research.
Waddell, P. 2002. UrbanSim. Modeling urban development for land-use, transportation, and environmental planning. Journal of the American Planning Association 68: 297–314.
Waddell, P., A. Borning, M. Noth, N. Freier, M. Becke, and G. F. Ulfarsson. 2003. Microsimulation of urban development and location choice: Design and implementation of UrbanSim. Networks and Spatial Economics 3: 43–67.
Wagner, P., and M. Wegener. 2007. Urban land-use, transport and environment models. Experiences with an integrated microscopic approach. disP 170: 45–56.
Wang, F. 1998. Urban population distribution with various road networks: A simulation approach. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 25: 265–278.
Wegener, M. 1982. Modeling urban decline: A multilevel economic-demographic model for the Dortmund region. International Regional Science Review 7: 217–241.
Wegener, M. 1984. Räumliches Wahlverhalten unter ökonomischen und informationellen Restriktionen: Ein mikroanalytisches Modell des Wohnungsmarkts. In Theorie und Quantitative Methodik in der Geographie, edited by G. Bahrenberg and M. M. Fischer. Bremen, Germany: Universität Bremen.
Wegener, M. 1986. Transport network equilibrium and regional deconcentration. Environment and Planning A 18: 437–456.
Wegener, M. 1994. Operational urban models. Journal of the American Planning Association 60: 17–29.
Wegener, M. 1998a. Applied models of urban land use, transport and environment: State-of-the-art and future developments. In Network Infrastructure and the Urban Environment. Advances in Spatial Systems Modeling, edited by L. Lundqvist, L. G. Mattsson, and T. J. Kim. Berlin: Springer.
Wegener, M. 1998b. The IRPUD Model: Overview http://www.spiekermann-wegener.com/mod/irpudmod_e.htm.
Wegener, M. 1999. Die Stadt der kurzen Wege: Müssen wir unsere Städte umbauen? Dortmund, Germany: Institut für Raumplanung.
Wegener, M. 2004. Overview of land-use transport models. In Handbook of Transport Geography And Spatial Systems, edited by D. A. Hensher, K. J. Button, K. E. Haynes, and P. R. Stopher. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Wegener, M. 2014. Land-use transport interaction models. In Handbook of Regional Science, edited by M. Fischer and P. Nijkamp. Berlin: Springer.
Wegener, M., and F. Fürst. 1999. Land-Use Transport Interaction: State-of-the-Art. Dortmund, Germany: Institut für Raumplanung.
Wegener, M., F. Gnad, and M. Vannahme. 1986. The time scale of urban change. In Advances in Urban Systems Modeling, edited by B. Hutchinson, and M. Batty. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. (North-Holland).
Wilson, A. G. 1967. Statistical theory of spatial distribution models. Transportation Research 1: 253–269.
Wilson, A. G. 1970. Entropy in Urban and Regional Modeling. London, Pion.
Zahavi, Y., M. J. Beckmann, and T. F. Golob. 1981. The UMOT/Urban Interactions. Washington DC: U.S. Department of Transportation.
